Two reconstructed HCD country-years. Both-sex period life expectancy is built here from the sixteen cause rates and carried apart by cause.
Each direction's running total, in years: the gain after replacing the reference schedule's all-cause mortality with the comparison's, band by band, and rebuilding the table. Both end on the whole difference. Bars and cells fill only once an age is replaced in both directions.
Mortality is taken from the first schedule and replaced, band by band, with the second's. Life expectancy is rebuilt here from the sixteen cause rates, in years, not from the HMD table.
Pick the same year in two countries for a geographic differential, or the same country in two years for a temporal one. Each country offers only the years the reconstructed series holds for it.